pr\u00e9sentent<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter ses travaux en vue de l\u2019obtention du Doctorat de l’Institut Polytechnique de Paris, pr\u00e9par\u00e9 \u00e0 T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis en :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
le MARDI 17 D\u00e9CEMBRE 2024 \u00e0 15h00<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5A126
19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Membres du jury :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n M. Mihai MITREA<\/strong>, Professeur, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, FRANCE – Directeur de these M. Mohamed Chaker LARABI<\/strong>, Professeur, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, FRANCE – Rapporteur R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, la production et la consommation de vid\u00e9os ont consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9 et il est commun\u00e9ment admis que 80 % du trafic Internet est constitu\u00e9 de vid\u00e9os. Dans ce cadre, les vid\u00e9os de marketing sont encore domin\u00e9es par le contenu payant (c’est-\u00e0-dire le contenu cr\u00e9\u00e9 par l’annonceur qui paie un annonceur pour distribuer ce contenu). Cependant, le contenu vid\u00e9o organique progresse lentement mais s\u00fbrement. Le terme \u00ab contenu organique \u00bb fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un contenu dont la cr\u00e9ation et\/ou la distribution n’est pas payante. Dans la plupart des cas, il s’agit d’un contenu cr\u00e9\u00e9 par l’utilisateur avec une valeur publicitaire implicite, ou d’un contenu publicitaire distribu\u00e9 par un utilisateur sur un r\u00e9seau social. En pratique, un tel contenu est directement produit par les appareils de l’utilisateur dans un format compress\u00e9 (par exemple AVC – Advanced Video Coding, HEVC – High efficiency Video Coding ou VVC – Versatile Video Coding) et est souvent partag\u00e9 par d’autres utilisateurs, sur le m\u00eame r\u00e9seau social ou sur des r\u00e9seaux sociaux diff\u00e9rents, cr\u00e9ant ainsi une cha\u00eene virtuelle de distribution qui est \u00e9tudi\u00e9e par les experts en marketing. Une telle application peut \u00eatre mod\u00e9lis\u00e9e par au moins deux cadres scientifiques diff\u00e9rents, \u00e0 savoir la blockchain et l’empreinte (fingerprinting) vid\u00e9o. D’une part, si l’on consid\u00e8re d’abord les probl\u00e8mes de distribution, la blockchain semble \u00eatre une solution attrayante, car elle pr\u00e9voit une solution s\u00e9curis\u00e9e, d\u00e9centralis\u00e9e et transparente pour suivre les changements de tout actif num\u00e9rique. Alors que la blockchain a d\u00e9j\u00e0 prouv\u00e9 son efficacit\u00e9 dans une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d’applications de distribution de contenu, ses applications li\u00e9es au multim\u00e9dia restent rares et soul\u00e8vent des contradictions conceptuelles entre les ressources de calcul\/stockage strictement limit\u00e9es disponibles dans la blockchain et la grande quantit\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es repr\u00e9sentant le contenu vid\u00e9o ainsi que les op\u00e9rations complexes que le traitement vid\u00e9o exige. D’autre part, si l’on consid\u00e8re d’abord les questions relatives au contenu multim\u00e9dia, chaque \u00e9tape de la distribution peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une op\u00e9ration de quasi-doublonnage. Ainsi, le suivi d’une vid\u00e9o organique peut \u00eatre assur\u00e9 par l’empreinte vid\u00e9o qui regroupe les efforts de recherche consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 l’identification des versions dupliqu\u00e9es et\/ou r\u00e9pliqu\u00e9es d’une s\u00e9quence vid\u00e9o donn\u00e9e dans un ensemble de donn\u00e9es vid\u00e9o de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence. Alors que le suivi du contenu vid\u00e9o dans le domaine non compress\u00e9 est un domaine de recherche riche, l’empreinte vid\u00e9o dans le domaine compress\u00e9 est encore sous-explor\u00e9e. La pr\u00e9sente th\u00e8se \u00e9tudie la possibilit\u00e9 de tracer un contenu vid\u00e9o compress\u00e9 publicitaire, dans le contexte de sa propagation spontan\u00e9e et incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e dans un r\u00e9seau distribu\u00e9 : \u2022 le suivi vid\u00e9o au moyen de solutions bas\u00e9es sur la blockchain, malgr\u00e9 la grande quantit\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es et les exigences de calcul des applications vid\u00e9o, a priori incompatibles avec les solutions blockchain actuelles \u2022 le fingerprinting vid\u00e9o dans le domaine compress\u00e9, m\u00eame si la compression vid\u00e9o est cens\u00e9e exclure la redondance visuelle qui permet de retrouver le contenu vid\u00e9o. \u2022 les synergies applicatives entre la blockchain et le fingerprinting vid\u00e9o. Les principaux r\u00e9sultats consistent en la conception, la sp\u00e9cification et la mise en \u0153uvre de : \u2022 COLLATE \u2013 une architecture de r\u00e9partition de charge on-chain off-chain, qui permet d’\u00e9tendre de mani\u00e8re abstraite les ressources informatiques, de stockage et logicielles intimement limit\u00e9es de n’importe quelle blockchain par des ressources informatiques \u00e0 usage g\u00e9n\u00e9ral ; \u2022 COMMON \u2013 Compressed dOMain Marketing videO fiNgerprinting, d\u00e9montrant la possibilit\u00e9 de mod\u00e9liser des empreintes vid\u00e9o compress\u00e9es dans un cadre d’apprentissage profond \u2022 BIDDING \u2013 BlockchaIn-baseD viDeo fINgerprintinG, un pipeline de traitement de bout en bout pour coupler l’empreinte vid\u00e9o \u00e0 la solution d’\u00e9quilibrage de charge de la blockchain. Abstract :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The last decades have seen video production and consumption rise significantly: TV\/cinematography, social networking, digital marketing, and video surveillance incrementally and cumulatively turned video content into the predilection type of data to be exchanged, stored, and processed. It is thus commonly considered that 80% of the Internet traffic is video, and intensive and holistic efforts for devising lossy video compression solutions are carried out to reach the trade-off between video data size and their visual quality. Under this framework, marketing videos are still dominated by the paid content (that is, content created by the advertiser that pays an announcer for distributing that content). Yet, organic video content is slowly but surely advancing. In a nutshell, the term organic content refers to a content whose creation and\/or distribution is not paid. In most cases, it is a user-created content with implicit advertising value, or some advertising content distributed by a user on a social network. In practice, such a content is directly produced by the user devices in compressed format (e.g. the AVC \u2013 Advanced Video Coding, HEVC \u2013 High efficiency Video Coding or VVC \u2013 Versatile Video Coding) and is often shared by other users, on the same or on different social networks, thus creating a virtual chain distribution that is studied by marketing experts. Such an application can be modeled by at least two different scientific methodological and technical frameworks, namely blockchain and video fingerprinting. On the one hand, should we first consider the distribution issues, blockchain seems an appealing solution, as it makes provisions for a secure, decentralized, and transparent solution to track changes of any digital asset. While blockchain already proved its effectiveness in a large variety of content distribution applications, its multimedia related applications stay scarce and rise conceptual contradictions between the strictly limited computing\/storage resources available in blockchain and the large amount of data representing the video content as well as the complex operations video processing requires. On the other hand, should we first consider the multimedia content issues, each step of distribution can be considered as a near duplication operation. Thus, the tracking of organic video can be ensured by video fingerprinting that regroups research efforts devoted to identifying duplicated and\/or replicated versions of a given video sequence in a reference video dataset. While tracking video content in uncompressed domain is a rich research field, compressed domain video fingerprinting is still underexplored. The present thesis studies the possibility of tracking advertising compressed video content, in the context of its uncontrolled, spontaneous propagation into a distributed network: \u2022 video tracking by means of blockchain-based solutions, despite the large amount of data and the computation requirements of video applications, a priori incompatible with nowadays blockchain solutions \u2022 effective compressed domain video fingerprinting, even though video compression is supposed to exclude the very visual redundancy that allows video content to be retrieved. \u2022 applicative synergies between blockchain and fingerprinting frameworks. The main results consist in the conception, specification and implementation of: \u2022 COLLATE, an on-Chain Off-chain Load baLancing ArchiTecturE, thus making it possible for the intimately constrained computing, storage and software resources of any blockchain to be abstractly extended by general-purpose computing machine resources; \u2022 COMMON \u2013 Compressed dOMain Marketing videO fiNgerprinting, demonstrating the possibility of modelling compressed modeling video fingerprint under deep learning framework \u2022 BIDDING \u2013 BlockchaIn-baseD viDeo fINgerprintinG, an end-to-end processing pipeline for coupling compressed domain video fingerprinting to the blockchain load balancing solution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" L’Ecole doctorale : Ecole Doctorale de l’Institut Polytechnique de Paris et le Laboratoire de recherche SAMOVAR – Services r\u00e9partis, Architectures, Mod\u00e9lisation, Validation, Administration des R\u00e9seaux pr\u00e9sentent l\u2019AVIS DE SOUTENANCE de Monsieur Mohamed ALLOUCHE Autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter ses travaux en vue de l\u2019obtention du Doctorat de l’Institut Polytechnique de Paris, pr\u00e9par\u00e9 \u00e0 T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis en : 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Mme Amel BENAZZA<\/strong>, Professeure, SupCom – \u00c9cole Sup\u00e9rieure des communications de Tunis, TUNISIE – Rapporteur<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M. William PUECH<\/strong>, Professeur, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, FRANCE – Examinateur
Mme Federica BATTISTI<\/strong>, Ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences, University of Padova, ITALIE – Examinateur
M. Jean LE FEUVRE<\/strong>, Directeur d’\u00e9tudes, Telecom Paris, FRANCE – Examinateur
M. Zaharia TITUS<\/strong>, Professeur, Telecom SudParis, FRANCE – Examinateur<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00ab Tra\u00e7age du contenu marketing vid\u00e9o \u00bb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par Monsieur Mohamed ALLOUCHE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n