{"id":450,"date":"2013-11-22T15:01:00","date_gmt":"2013-11-22T14:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/samovar2022.int-evry.fr\/index.php\/2013\/11\/22\/reseaux-vehiculaires-dissemination-routage-et-collecte-de-donnees-modeles-et-algorithmes\/"},"modified":"2020-09-04T18:46:56","modified_gmt":"2020-09-04T16:46:56","slug":"reseaux-vehiculaires-dissemination-routage-et-collecte-de-donnees-modeles-et-algorithmes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/2013\/11\/22\/reseaux-vehiculaires-dissemination-routage-et-collecte-de-donnees-modeles-et-algorithmes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u00a0R\u00e9seaux V\u00e9hiculaires: Diss\u00e9mination, Routage et Collecte de Donn\u00e9es: Mod\u00e8les et Algorithmes\u00a0\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00ab\u00a0R\u00e9seaux V\u00e9hiculaires: Diss\u00e9mination, Routage et Collecte de Donn\u00e9es: Mod\u00e8les et Algorithmes\u00a0\u00bb<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>SOUTENANCE DE THESE DE DOCTORAT<\/p>\n<p><strong>M. Ahmed SOUA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9partement RST- T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis &#8211; EDITE<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<p>Cette th\u00e8se a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9e sous la direction du Professeur Hossam Afifi en co-encadrement avec Professeur Walid Ben-Ameur au sein de l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe R3S du laboratoire UMR5157 SAMOVAR. La soutenance se d\u00e9roulera le Vendredi <strong>22 Novembre 2013<\/strong> \u00e0 partir de 10h en salle 25 du b\u00e2t. 862 au centre d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration <strong>Nano-INNOV \u00e0 Saclay.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La pr\u00e9sentation des travaux de th\u00e8se se fera devant le jury suivant:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Composition du Jury:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Monsieur SENOUCI Sidi Mohammed, Professeur,  Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne, ISAT Nevers, Rapporteur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Monsieur CHEN Ken, Professeur, Institut Galil\u00e9e, Universit\u00e9 Paris 13,  Rapporteur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Madame VEQUE V\u00e9ronique, Professeur, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud, Examinateur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Monsieur PUJOLLE Guy, Professeur, Laboratoire LIP6, UPMC, Examinateur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Monsieur COLET Fran\u00e7ois, Architecte Syst\u00e8me V\u00e9hicule Electroniques, Renault, Examinateur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Monsieur MUHLETHALER Paul, Professeur, INRIA Rocquencourt, Examinateur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>  Monsieur AFIFI Hossam, Professeur, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Directeur de th\u00e8se.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> Monsieur BEN-AMEUR Walid, Professeur, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Co-encadreur de th\u00e8se. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>R\u00e9sum\u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Chaque jour, l&rsquo;humanit\u00e9 perd des milliers de personnes sur les routes pendant qu&rsquo;ils se rendaient \u00e0 travailler, \u00e0 \u00e9tudier ou m\u00eame \u00e0 se distraire. Ce nombre alarmant s&rsquo;accumule avec le co\u00fbt financier terrifiant de ces d\u00e9c\u00e8s: Certaines statistiques \u00e9valuent le co\u00fbt \u00e0 160 milliards d&rsquo;euros par an en Europe. Ces chiffres alarmants ont pouss\u00e9 les chercheurs, les constructeurs des automobiles et les gouvernements publics \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de nos syst\u00e8mes de transport et des technologies de communication dans le but d&rsquo;offrir des routes plus s\u00fbres et une conduite plus paisible pour les usagers de la route. Dans ce contexte,  les r\u00e9seaux v\u00e9hiculaires (VANETs), dans lesquels les v\u00e9hicules sont capables de communiquer les uns avec les autres et avec aussi les infrastructures install\u00e9es sur les routes,  \u00e9mergent comme une technologie sans fil prometteuse capable d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer la vision des conducteurs ainsi et offrir un horizon t\u00e9l\u00e9matique plus vaste.  L&rsquo;av\u00e8nement des r\u00e9seaux v\u00e9hiculaires laisse entrevoir une myriade de possibilit\u00e9s, non seulement limit\u00e9es \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re, allant de la  gestion du trafic routier (contr\u00f4le de congestion pour avoir un trafic fluide) jusqu&rsquo;aux applications de divertissement (partage de fichiers,connexion internet).<\/p>\n<p>Les applications de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re exigent que le message d&rsquo;alerte soit propag\u00e9 proche en proche par les v\u00e9hicules de jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 arriver \u00e0 la zone concern\u00e9e par l&rsquo;alerte tout en respectant les d\u00e9lais minimales exig\u00e9s par ce type d&rsquo;applications et la grande fiabilit\u00e9 des transmissions. Ces applications sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es tr\u00e8s sensibles aux d\u00e9lais de bout en bout et se basent sur des transmissions en broadcast. Le broadcast aveugle est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 la solution la plus rapide, n\u00e9anmoins son principal inconv\u00e9nient r\u00e9side dans son \u00e9norme consommation de la bande passante.<\/p>\n<p>Dans cette th\u00e8se, nous nous int\u00e9ressons \u00e0 l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 des communications inter-v\u00e9hiculaires sous diff\u00e9rents sc\u00e9narios: Tout d&rsquo;abord, nous nous concentrons sur le d\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;une nouvelle solution, appel\u00e9e EBDR, pour diss\u00e9miner les informations d&rsquo;alertes dans un r\u00e9seau v\u00e9hiculaire tout en assurant des courts d\u00e9lais de bout en bout et une efficacit\u00e9 pour les transmissions. Notre proposition est bas\u00e9e sur des transmissions dirig\u00e9es effectu\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide des antennes directionnelles pour la diffusion des messages et un algorithme de guidage d&rsquo;itin\u00e9raire afin de choisir le meilleur chemin pour le paquet. Les r\u00e9sultats obtenus ont confirm\u00e9 l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 de notre approche en termes de probabilit\u00e9 de r\u00e9ussite et d\u00e9lai de bout en bout. Par ailleurs, en d\u00e9pit de son fonctionnement en diffusion, les transmissions de notre technique propos\u00e9e s&rsquo;arr\u00eatent tr\u00e8s rapidement apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e du paquet \u00e0  la destination finale ce qui repr\u00e9sente une caract\u00e9ristique fondamentale dans la conception d\u2019EBDR.<\/p>\n<p>Deuxi\u00e8mement, nous proposons un framework math\u00e9matique ayant pour objectif l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation des performances d\u2019EBDR analytiquement. Sachant que la plupart des techniques pr\u00e9sentes dans la litt\u00e9rature utilisent les simulations ou les test-bed d&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimentation pour d\u00e9fendre leurs performances, nous nous appuyons ici sur des mod\u00e8les math\u00e9matiques r\u00e9cursifs pour confirmer les r\u00e9sultats d\u00e9j\u00e0 obtenus par simulation. Nos mod\u00e8les analytiques permettent de d\u00e9river des m\u00e9triques de performances significatives \u00e0 savoir la probabilit\u00e9 de succ\u00e8s et le nombre de sauts requis pour atteindre la destination finale.<\/p>\n<p>En outre, nous proposons une am\u00e9lioration de notre protocole EBDR dans le but de fournir une diffusion plus efficace. Pour cela, nous nous basons sur l&rsquo;ajustement de la puissance de transmission de chaque v\u00e9hicule en fonction de la distance qui le s\u00e9pare de la destination et la densit\u00e9 locale des n\u0153uds. Ce m\u00e9canisme de contr\u00f4le de congestion permet mieux minimiser les interf\u00e9rences et \u00e9conomiser de la bande passante. Un mod\u00e8le math\u00e9matique a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9 en plus pour calculer la surface de la zone de transmission dans le cas d&rsquo;une distribution uniforme des n\u0153uds. <\/p>\n<p>Finalement, nous nous sommes int\u00e9ress\u00e9s aux m\u00e9canismes de collecte de donn\u00e9es dans les r\u00e9seaux v\u00e9hiculaires \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 leurs implications positives sur l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 et la fiabilit\u00e9 des communications inter-v\u00e9hiculaires et la conservation de<br \/>\nla bande passante. Notre approche est bas\u00e9e sur l&rsquo;utilisation du principe du Q-learning pour la collecte des donn\u00e9es des v\u00e9hicules en mouvement. L&rsquo;objectif de l&rsquo;utilisation de ce m\u00e9canisme d&rsquo;apprentissage est de rendre l&rsquo;op\u00e9ration de collecte mieux adapt\u00e9e et mieux r\u00e9active \u00e0 la mobilit\u00e9 des n\u0153uds et le changement rapide de la topologie du r\u00e9seau. Notre technique a \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9e \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes n&rsquo;utilisant pas du \u00ab\u00a0learning\u00a0\u00bb, afin d&rsquo;\u00e9tudier l&rsquo;effet du m\u00e9canisme d&rsquo;apprentissage. Les r\u00e9sultats ont montr\u00e9 que notre approche d\u00e9passe largement les autres propositions en termes de performances et r\u00e9alise un bon compromis entre le taux de collecte et les d\u00e9lais de bout en bout.<\/p>\n<p>Pour conclure, nous pensons que nos diff\u00e9rentes contributions pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es tout le long de cette th\u00e8se permettront d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 des communications sans fil inter-v\u00e9hiculaires dans les deux directions de recherches cibl\u00e9es par cette th\u00e8se \u00e0  savoir : la diss\u00e9mination des messages et la collecte des donn\u00e9es. En outre, nos contributions de mod\u00e9lisation math\u00e9matique enrichiront la litt\u00e9rature en termes de mod\u00e8les analytiques capables d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer les techniques de transmission des donn\u00e9es dans un r\u00e9seau urbain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Each day, Humanity lose thousands of persons on roads when they were traveling to work, to study or even to distract. The financial cost of these injuries is also terrifying: Some statistics evaluate the financial cost of vehicle accidents at 160 billion Euro in Europe each year. These alarming figures have driven researchers, automotive companies and public governments to improve the safety of our transportation systems and communication technologies aiming at offering safer roads and smooth driving to human beings. In this context, Vehicular Adhoc Networks, where vehicles are able to communicate with each others and with existent road side units, emerge as a promising wireless technology able to enhance the vision of drivers and offer larger telematic horizon. VANETs promising applications are not only restricted to road safety but span from vehicle traffic optimization like flow congestion control to commercial applications like file sharing and internet access.<\/p>\n<p>Safety applications require that their alert information is propagated to the concerned vehicles (located in the hazardous zone) with little delay and high reliability. For these reasons, this category of applications is considered as delay sensitive and broadcast-oriented nature. While classical blind flooding is rapid, its major drawback is its huge bandwidth utilization.<\/p>\n<p>In this thesis, we are interested on enhancing vehicular communications under different scenarios and optimizations: First, We focus on deriving a new solution (EBDR) to disseminate alert messages among moving vehicles while maintaining it efficient and rapid. Our proposal is based on directional antennas to broadcast messages and a route guidance algorithm to choose the best path for the packets. Findings confirmed the efficiency of our approach in terms of probability of success and end-to-end delays. Moreover, in spite of the broadcast nature of the proposed technique, all transmissions stop very soon after the arrival of a packet to its destination representing a strong feature in the conception of EBDR.<\/p>\n<p>Second, we propose a novel mathematical framework to evaluate the performance of EBDR analytically. Although most of the proposed techniques present in literature use experimental or simulation tools to defend their performance, we rely here on mathematical models to confirm our achieved results. Our proposed framework allows to derive meaningful performance metrics including the probability of transmission success and the required number of hops to reach thefinal destination.<\/p>\n<p>Third, we refine our proposed broadcast-based routing EBDR to provide more efficient broadcasting by adjusting the transmission range of each vehicle based on its distance to the destination and the local node density. This mechanism allows better minimization of interferences and bandwidth&rsquo;s saving. Furthermore, an analytical model is derived to calculate thetransmission area in the case of a simplified node distribution.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, we are interested on data collection mechanisms as they make inter-vehicle communications more efficient and reliable and minimize the bandwidth utilization. Our technique uses Q-learning to collect data among moving vehicles in VANETs. The aim behind using the learning technique is to make the collecting operation more reactive to nodes mobility and topology changes. For the simulation part, we compare it to a non-learning version to study the effect of the learning technique. Findings show that our technique far outperforms other propositions and achieves a good trade off between delay and collection ratio. <\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, we believe that the different contributions presented in this Thesis will improve the efficiency of inter-vehicle communications in both dissemination and data collection directions. In addition, our mathematical contributions will enrich the literature in terms of constructing suitable models to evaluate broadcasting techniques in urban zones.<\/p>\n<p>&mdash;&nbsp;<br \/>\nSoua Ahmed<br \/>\nIng\u00e9nieur informaticien dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 de l&rsquo;ENSI (Tunisie)<br \/>\nDoctorant \u00e0 Telecom SudParis (ex INT)<br \/>\nWireless Networks and Multimedia Services Department (RS2M)<br \/>\n9, rue Charles Fourier &#8211; 91011 Evry Cedex France<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/ahmedsoua\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Web site : http:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/ahmedsoua<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0R\u00e9seaux V\u00e9hiculaires: Diss\u00e9mination, Routage et Collecte de Donn\u00e9es: Mod\u00e8les et Algorithmes\u00a0\u00bb SOUTENANCE DE THESE DE DOCTORAT M. Ahmed SOUA D\u00e9partement RST- T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis &#8211; EDITE Cette th\u00e8se a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9e sous la direction du Professeur Hossam Afifi en co-encadrement avec Professeur Walid Ben-Ameur au sein de l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe R3S du laboratoire UMR5157 SAMOVAR. La soutenance se [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[400],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-theses-2013-fr","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/450","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=450"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/450\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1835,"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/450\/revisions\/1835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=450"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}