{"id":1146,"date":"2019-01-21T16:16:57","date_gmt":"2019-01-21T15:16:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/samovar2022.int-evry.fr\/index.php\/2019\/01\/21\/conception-et-developpement-dune-transmission-ecoenergetique-pour-les-modules-iot-sans-fil\/"},"modified":"2020-09-04T18:45:44","modified_gmt":"2020-09-04T16:45:44","slug":"conception-et-developpement-dune-transmission-ecoenergetique-pour-les-modules-iot-sans-fil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samovar.telecom-sudparis.eu\/index.php\/2019\/01\/21\/conception-et-developpement-dune-transmission-ecoenergetique-pour-les-modules-iot-sans-fil\/","title":{"rendered":"Conception et d\u00e9veloppement d’une transmission \u00e9co\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pour les modules IoT sans fil"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’Ecole doctorale : Sciences et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication et le Laboratoire de recherche SAMOVAR – Services r\u00e9partis, Architectures, MOd\u00e9lisation, Validation, Administration des R\u00e9seaux
\npr\u00e9sentent l\u2019AVIS DE SOUTENANCE de Monsieur Nikesh Man SHAKYA<\/strong>
\nAutoris\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter ses travaux en vue de l\u2019obtention du Doctorat de l’Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, pr\u00e9par\u00e9 \u00e0 T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis en Informatique:<\/p>\n

Titre:<\/strong> \u00ab Conception et d\u00e9veloppement d’une transmission \u00e9co\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique pour les modules IoT sans fil \u00bb<\/p>\n

Quand:<\/strong> le mercredi 6 F\u00e9vrier 2019 \u00e0 9h00
\nO\u00f9:<\/strong> MEU-CR-Paris, 2 Rue de Paris, 92190, Meudon, France<\/p>\n

Membres du jury :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M. Noel CRESPI, Professeur, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, FRANCE<\/td>\n Directeur de th\u00e8se<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M. Naceur MALOUCH, Ma\u00eetre de Conf\u00e9rences, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), FRANCE<\/td>\n Rapporteur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M. Stefano SECCI, Professeur, CNAM, FRANCE<\/td>\n Rapporteur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mme Maria POTOP-BUTUCARU, Ma\u00eetre de Conf\u00e9rences, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie – Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 – LIP6, FRANCE<\/td>\n Examinatrice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M. Nazim AGOULMINE, Professeur, Universit\u00e9 d’\u00c9vry Val d’Essonne, FRANCE <\/td>\nExaminateur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M. Mehdi MANI, Sr. Project Manager, Itron, FRANCE<\/td>\nEncadrant de th\u00e8se<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

La transmission radio est une des principales sources de consommation d\u2019\u00e9nergie des objets connect\u00e9s dans les r\u00e9seaux IoT. La dur\u00e9e de vie des objets IoT est le facteur principal qui permet le d\u00e9veloppement massif d\u2019une solution IoT. La puissance de transmission et le d\u00e9bit binaire de transmission sont les deux param\u00e8tres radio qui affectent principalement la consommation d’\u00e9nergie avec la port\u00e9e radio, le brouillage, la fiabilit\u00e9 des liaisons et la r\u00e9utilisation des canaux\/de l’espace, Les conditions variables des liaisons radios n\u00e9cessite le niveau de puissance\/d\u00e9bit varie de mani\u00e8re dynamique pour s\u2019aligner \u00e0 telles conditions instables. Des algorithmes de contr\u00f4le de puissance\/d\u00e9bit de transmission (TX) ne doivent pas poser des charges suppl\u00e9mentaires pour qu\u2019ils soient applicable pour les appareils IoT avec des ressources de l\u2019\u00e9nergie limit\u00e9es. Ils doivent \u00eatre adaptables et polyvalents aux diff\u00e9rentes conditions environnementales et de l\u2019autre c\u00f4t\u00e9, \u00eatre simple et facilement impl\u00e9mentable dans les plateformes capteur\/IoT. De nombreux algorithmes dynamiques de transmission de puissance et \/ ou de contr\u00f4le de d\u00e9bit ont \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9s dans la litt\u00e9rature pour \u00e9conomiser la consommation d’\u00e9nergie. Mais ils ne parviennent pas \u00e0 satisfaire toutes ces exigences. Chacun d\u2019entre eux a ses forces et ses faiblesses. Par cons\u00e9quence, il existe le besoin d’un nouvel algorithme qui effectue un contr\u00f4le de puissance et \/ ou de d\u00e9bit qui peut \u00eatre facilement impl\u00e9ment\u00e9 dans une v\u00e9ritable plateforme de r\u00e9seau IoT. Cette th\u00e8se pr\u00e9sente REACT (Responsive Energy-efficient Adaptive Control of Transmission), une technique qui prend en compte plus d’une information de qualit\u00e9 de liaison pour une meilleure adaptation de la puissance et du d\u00e9bit TX. Il dispose d’une technique de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 auto-apprentissage, polyvalente et adaptative pour l’environnement, avec un objectif global de r\u00e9duction de la consommation d’\u00e9nergie de transmission tout en maintenant une fiabilit\u00e9 similaire. Il poss\u00e8de la phase initiale la plus l\u00e9g\u00e8re possible avec une surcharge nulle et un comportement r\u00e9actif qui r\u00e9agit de mani\u00e8re appropri\u00e9e aux variations des conditions radio. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons commenc\u00e9 par l’\u00e9tude et la s\u00e9lection d’une m\u00e9trique d’estimation de la qualit\u00e9 de la liaison qui constitue un \u00e9l\u00e9ment crucial de tout m\u00e9canisme de contr\u00f4le de la puissance ou de la vitesse. ETX (nombre de transmissions pr\u00e9vu) du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l’exp\u00e9diteur et RSSI du c\u00f4t\u00e9 du r\u00e9cepteur ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s respectivement comme m\u00e9trique primaire et secondaire pour fournir des informations de liaison. Deuxi\u00e8mement, nous avons con\u00e7u et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un m\u00e9canisme de contr\u00f4le de puissance de transmission r\u00e9active \u00e0 d\u00e9bit binaire fixe (REACT-P). Nous avons prouv\u00e9 son efficacit\u00e9 en comparant l’utilisation de la puissance constante maximale \u00e0 d\u00e9bit constant (CPCR) et l’un des algorithmes existants dominants. Troisi\u00e8mement, cette conception est \u00e9largie en ajoutant l\u2019option d\u2019adaptation de d\u00e9bit donnant lieu \u00e0 REACT ou REACT-PR qui permet de r\u00e9aliser des \u00e9conomies d’\u00e9nergie plus importantes en contr\u00f4lant \u00e0 la fois la puissance et le d\u00e9bit. Nous avons \u00e9valu\u00e9 nos solutions en utilisant \u00e0 la fois la simulation et l’exp\u00e9rimentation dans les environnements encombr\u00e9 et non encombr\u00e9. Les r\u00e9sultats des tests ont montr\u00e9 que, compar\u00e9 \u00e0 la CPCR et REACT-P, avec un taux de livraison de paquets similaire, REACT consomme beaucoup moins d’\u00e9nergie, r\u00e9duit les interf\u00e9rences, l’occupation des canaux et contribue \u00e0 prolonger la dur\u00e9e de vie de l’appareil. M\u00eame dans le pire des cas, o\u00f9 tous les n\u0153uds transmettent en m\u00eame temps, l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la consommation totale d\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9tait de 46% avec REACT et de 30% avec REACT-P par rapport \u00e0 CPCR. Les n\u0153uds les plus proches de point d\u2019acc\u00e8s gagnent le maximum de dur\u00e9e de vie par rapport de ceux plus \u00e9loign\u00e9s. Les r\u00e9sultats montrent \u00e9galement que l’am\u00e9lioration de la consommation d’\u00e9nergie diminue avec l’augmentation de nombre de transmissions simultan\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Abstract :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Radio Transmission is one of the major sources of energy consumption in today’s rising IoT devices in low powered and lossy networks. Device longevity has become the foundation of the IoT\u2019s entire value proposition and is a key to unravel the next great wave of IoT. Transmission power and transmission bit-rate are the two radio parameters that principally impact the energy consumption along with the radio coverage, interference, link reliability, channel\/spatial reuse etc. Transmitting at a constant high\/low power or rate leads to an inefficient energy usage due to the varying, unstable and unpredictable radio links. Hence, the power\/rate level should dynamically vary with such erratic radio conditions. Transmission (TX) power\/rate control algorithms for the constrained devices in IoT\/WSN should have low overheads and must be energy efficient. They need to be adaptive and versatile to different environment conditions; yet be simple and easily implementable in the real sensor\/IoT platform. Many dynamic Transmission Power and\/or Rate Control algorithms have been proposed in the literature to economize the energy waste in the massive IoT deployments. But they fail to satisfy all these requirements alone. Each of them has its strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, there is a need of a new algorithm that performs an energy-efficient power and\/or rate control which can be easily implemented in a real sensor platform. This thesis presents REACT (Responsive Energy-efficient Adaptive Control of Transmission power and rate), a technique that considers more than one link quality information for better adaptation of TX power and rate. It has a self-learning, versatile and environment-adaptive control technique with a global aim to reduce the transmission energy consumption with insignificant compromise on the packet delivery ratio or throughput. It has least possible initial phase with zero overhead and has a responsive behavior that reacts appropriately to the varying radio conditions. To attain this aim, we commenced with the study and the selection of a proper link quality estimation metric which is a crucial part in any power or rate control mechanism. ETX (Expected Transmission Count) from the sender-side and RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) from receiver-side were used as a primary and a secondary metric respectively to provide multiple link information. Second, we designed and developed a responsive transmission power control at fixed bit-rate (REACT-P). We proved its efficiency comparing with using the maximum constant power at constant rate (CPCR) and one of the dominant existing algorithms. Third, this design is extended considering the bit-rate to give rise to REACT or REACT-PR that offers higher energy savings by controlling both transmission power and rate. We have evaluated our solutions using repetitive simulation and experimentation under both congested and un-congested environment. Simulation were performed in Cooja with TMote Sky motes whereas the experimentations were performed in Itron IoT device hardware compliant with IEEE802.15.4. The test results showed that, comparing to CPCR and REACT-P, with similar packet delivery ratio, REACT consumes much less energy, reduces interference, channel occupancy and aids to prolong the device lifetime. In a worst-case scenario, where all nodes compete for the channel at the same time, the improvement in the average node lifetime was 290% with REACT and 70% with REACT-P with respect to the CPCR. The nodes closer to the sink gain lifetime maximally than those farther away. The results also reveal that the improvement in the energy consumption improves with the decrease in the concurrent transmissions. Although the scope of the algorithm was designed for the battery-operated devices, it is equally applicable to mains line powered devices as well as it can aid in reducing interference, channel occupancy and improve the throughput and latency.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’Ecole doctorale : Sciences et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication et le Laboratoire de recherche SAMOVAR – Services r\u00e9partis, Architectures, MOd\u00e9lisation, Validation, Administration des R\u00e9seaux pr\u00e9sentent l\u2019AVIS DE SOUTENANCE de Monsieur Nikesh Man SHAKYA Autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter ses travaux en vue de l\u2019obtention du Doctorat de l’Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, pr\u00e9par\u00e9 \u00e0 T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis en 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